Aristotle: - Aristotle, born in 384 BCE in Stagira, Greece, was a pivotal figure in ancient philosophy and a student of Plato. After studying at Plato's Academy in Athens, he later tutored Alexander the Great, which helped shape his wide-reaching influence. He founded his own school, the Lyceum, where he taught and conducted research on subjects ranging from biology and ethics to politics and metaphysics.Aristotle's contributions spanned nearly every field of knowledge, making him one of history's most comprehensive thinkers. His works on logic, especially the development of syllogistic reasoning, laid the foundation for centuries of philosophical and scientific thought. In ethics, his Nicomachean Ethics remains a key text in understanding moral philosophy, focusing on the pursuit of virtue and the good life.Though Aristotle died in 322 BCE, his impact on Western thought is unparalleled. His writings were instrumental in shaping both medieval scholasticism and the Renaissance. His ideas continue to influence modern philosophy, natural sciences, and political theory, cementing his legacy as one of history's greatest intellectuals.