Most modern historians consider Tiglath-pileser III, king of Assyria from 745 to 727 BCE, to be the true founder of the Assyrian Empire. In this biography and history of his reign, Josette Elayi explores questions surrounding how Tiglath-pileser managed to expand the Assyrian Empire after a period of weakness, what effects Assyrian domination had on Israel and Judah, and how the two kingdoms' fates differed. Using archaeological and written sources for the period, Elayi completes her trilogy of biographies, which includes Sargon II and Sennacherib. Elayi provides yet another essential resource for scholars and students of Assyrian history and the Hebrew Bible.