Bibliometrics is the study of the relationships between numbers and patterns in bibliographic data and use, such as the number of publications, the growth of literature, and patterns of library and data base utilization. This book will go through bibliometrics and one of its main methodologies, citation analysis. This book also looks at the applications of citation analysis. This book examines a number of alternative measures, or "altmetrics," as well as the ethical and cultural implications of relying on metrics.